5 Facts About PZEVs, Partial Zero Emissions Vehicles

Partial Zero Emissions Vehicles, or PZEVs, are vehicles with engines that have been equipped with advanced emissions controls. This results in zero evaporative emissions. You may have heard about vehicles with the PZEV designation. For example, the 2012 Honda Civic Natural Gas, also known as the 2012 Honda Civic PZEV, has a natural gas engine with almost zero pollution-forming emissions. Its been identified as one of the cleanest internal-combustion vehicles to receive certification through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The state of California has recognized this special Honda Civic model with Advanced Technology Partial Zero Emissions Vehicle, or AT-PZEV, designation because it meets that states stringent emissions control standards. It also has a warranty to maintain its emissions for at least 150,000 miles or 15 years. PZEVs Are Rooted in California PZEV is an administrative category for low emission vehicles in the state of California and other states that have adopted Californias more stringent pollution control standards. The PZEV category began in California as a bargain with the California Air Resources Board to allow automakers the ability to postpone mandated zero emission vehicles, due to the cost and time necessary for electric or hydrogen fuel cell vehicle production. Vehicles that have been manufactured to meet PZEV requirements outside the state of California are usually referred to as super ultra-low emission vehicles, sometimes abbreviated as SULEVs. They Must Meet Specific Standards Certified vehicles must meet tight emission test requirements for volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen, as well as carbon monoxide. Emissions-related components must be warranted for 10 years or 150,000 miles, including electrical components of hybrid and electric cars. Evaporative emissions must be zero. When the California standards were being formulated, it was anticipated that battery-powered cars would be much more readily available soon after the new standards were adopted. Because cost and other factors kept the number of electric cars dotting the highway to a lower number than expected, a modification of the original mandate gave birth to the PZEV. This allowed car manufacturers to meet requirements through partial zero credits. The Name Refers to Emissions, Not Fuel Efficiency Dont confuse PZEVs with vehicles that rate above-average for fuel efficiency. PZEV refers to vehicles with advanced emission controls, but that does not equate with improved fuel efficiency. Most PZEVs come in at about average for their class in fuel efficiency. Hybrid or electric vehicles that meet PZEV standards are sometimes classified as AT-PZEV for Advanced Technology PZEV because emissions are just as clean, but they get much better fuel efficiency. The Standards Demand Compliance Under the Clean Air Act, California was able to set more stringent vehicle emissions standards, including tailpipe emissions. In 2009, car makers were charged with reducing greenhouse gas emissions for new passenger cars and light trucks. Automakers were given eight years to bring new vehicle manufacturing in line to cut pollutants by approximately 30 percent once fully phased in by the end of 2016. Expect to See More While PZEVs and the low emissions movement got its start in California, other states have since followed in the Golden States footsteps. The stricter standards aimed at cutting emissions by approximately 30 percent by 2016 were adopted by multiple states, as well as the District of Columbia. Similar standards are also part of an agreement Canada signed with automakers.

Feasibility Study Of Implementing A 3d Express Coach...

INTRODUCTION Subject: Proposal for the Feasibility study of implementing a 3D Express Coach â€Å"Straddling bus† in Lebanon. The primary aim of this proposal is to request authorization to write a feasibility report concerning the implementation of straddling buses in Lebanon. According to the head of the future Block MP committee Mohammad Qabbani, many plans and alternatives were investigated in order to improve public transportation in Beirut but this was made very difficult due to Beirut great traffic jam (The Daily Star, 2016). In the past years the use of public transportation in Lebanon has decreased remarkably and people tended to use more their private cars. We believe that straddling buses may solve the problem of public transportation in Lebanon. This project will accomplish a huge step in the transportation field and will take the transportation buses to a whole new level. Shenzhen Hashi Future Parking Equipment Company proposed the concept of the straddling bus in 2010 as a combination of a bus and a train, which are two highly effective means of transportation. The straddling bus is a promising invention that will indeed solve China’s many transportation problems. It was tested in 2016 in Brazil and in several Chinese cities like Nanyang, Shenyang, Tianjin, and Zhukov. (Kienlein, 2013) These buses are important since they provide an environmental and efficient transportation mean, accommodate the increase in population, and solve the traffic problem. In the

Gattaca Is Genetic Discrimination - 1543 Words

A theme in gattaca is genetic discrimination. In the aspetic society Vincent lives in ,ones life is genetically restrained even before the individual is born so that each person gets the â€Å"best possible start†. The sterile environment metaphorically captures a harsh authoritarian ambience favouring genetic perfection above anything else. It is a society that overpowers human desire and human relattionships. This becomes apparent through the mechanical robotic characters that live in Gattaca. Traits such as personality, beliefs, values and morals are useless. Identity in gattaca is seen in solely defined by ones individual status as a valid or in-valid. Other then this nothing else is relevent.The starting scenes in the film sets an atmosphere of controlled physical excellence. Vincent is shown shaving and exfoliating his skin.Vincent gathers a stray hair d from his keyboard and the space director ackknowledges his admirable cleaning habits, To which Vincent believe s is â€Å"next to godliness†. There are extreme close-ups of human matter including blood, skin, hair , urine and fingernails. Extreme closeups are used in Gattaca to show how the environment in which Vincent lives ephaisises the importance of DNAl,. Those who are considered perfect among the society are often delayed and put down by a lack of aspiration; this idea of perfection comes from ones i ndividual values influencedby a corrupt society.nVincent is considered a god child due to having no geneticShow MoreRelatedThe Film Gattaca Is Genetic Discrimination1584 Words   |  7 Pagestheme in The film Gattaca is genetic discrimination. In the aseptic society Vincent lives in , life is genetically restrained even before the individual is born so that each person gets the â€Å"best possible start†. The sterile environment captures a strictly controlled ambience favouring genetic perfection above anything else. It is a society that overpowers human desire and hu man relationships. This becomes apparent through the mechanical robotic characters that live in Gattaca. Traits such as personalityRead MoreEssay on Human Genetic Screening and Discrimination in Gattaca1801 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Genetic Screening and Discrimination in Gattaca Works Cited Missing A few months ago I watched a movie called Gattaca, which dealt with the issue of genetic discrimination in the near future. In the movie, people were separated into two classes, those that were genetically screened and positively altered before birth and the class that was unaltered. The separate classes had stark divisions, from what jobs that you were able to apply for to where you could eat. Security was aimed at keepingRead More1984 And Gattaca1074 Words   |  5 PagesFilm director Andrew Niccol’s science fiction thriller Gattaca and author George Orwell’s politically scientific book 1984 employ a variety of textual techniques to explore the themes of control and freedom. The context of a dystopia is used in both texts to portray how dogma’s within society’s constrict the freedom of individuals. Niccol discusses the consequences of the pursuit for perfection in the â€Å"genetically perfect† society of Gattaca. Similarly, Orwell analyses the s ubordination exhibitedRead MoreGeneral Science and GATTACA1001 Words   |  5 Pagesand waste discharging from industries disrupting the nature and causing heavy pollution. GATTACA (1997) is a science fiction movie where one’s capabilities are determined by their genes since birth. Vincent Freeman is displayed as the main character where he needs to overcome his weaknesses through hard work and consistent determination to achieve his goals at Gattaca Space Academy. Alterations of genetics play a major role in the movie where only ones with flawless genes can achieve their dreamRead MoreSimilarities Between 1984 And Gattaca976 Words   |  4 Pagesthose that are affected. Both authors use a variety of techniques to portray themes of control and freedom in their texts. Both Gattaca and 1984, explore notions of control over individual freedom exhibited by the dogma’s present in both worlds. Within both dystopian worlds, there is a governing system held over the individuals living there; in Gattaca human genetics determine the freedom of a person, whilst in 1984, Big Brother and the party constrict peoples freedom. Whilst both dogma’s exhibitRead MoreAndrew Niccol s Gattaca, A Science Fictional Representation Of The Near Future Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pagesdirector Andrew Niccol’s Gattaca, a science fictional representation of the near future portrays how genetic enhancements and offspring selection involving humans can alter how society functions. Eugenics is now the primary means of genetic engineering, where a family geneticist uses in-vitro genetic designing for a couple’s future baby. In fact, natural conception is outdated and almost obsolete. This did not stop Vincent’s parents from having a baby without a ny pre-constructed genetic enhancements. WhenRead MoreGene and Vincent958 Words   |  4 Pagesand courage developed in the film GATTACA? Gattaca directed by Andrew Niccol, is set in a future where science, and not religion, has taken over society. A new form of discrimination has arisen, called genoism, discrimination according to one’s genetic purity. The story follows a man named Vincent Freeman who was born as a god child this means he was genetically inferior to people born with the aid of technology. Vincent faces extreme genetic discrimination and prejudice, making it harder forRead MoreThe Philosophy of Gattaca1383 Words   |  6 PagesThe Philosophy of GATTACA David Harris 21 August 2011 GATTACA is entertaining despite an immersion in technology and philosophy. Viewed strictly as entertainment, the film consistently delivers great characters, is well-written and has well-delivered dialogue, with a quick paced and fascinating plot. The philosophy of GATTACAs society is explored through examples of genetic essentialism/determinism, discrimination, and the exercise of free will through our characters early yearsRead MoreEssay1073 Words   |  5 Pagesprovides the only hope in an otherwise bleak world. Discuss with specific references to elements of film. The film Gattaca is a dystopian film directed by Andrew Niccol which is released in 1997. The movie portrays a society not far from now where people have lost the hopes and believes on their own human fate and will. In this society, most people are the products of genetic engineering and their worth is measured only by their DNA contents. The film also portray the life and relentless strugglesRead MoreAnalysis of the Bioethical Issues in Gattaca Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the Bioethical Issues in Gattaca Biology is the science of life. Technology uses science to solve problems. Our society has progressed in its understanding of life to the point that we are able to manipulate it on a fundamental level through technology. This has led to profound ethical dilemmas. The movie Gattaca explores some important bioethical issues that are currently the focus of much dispute. The underlying thematic issue presented is the question of the extent to which biologically

In Cold Blood Essay Summary Example For Students

In Cold Blood Essay Summary In Cold Blood summary Many times, people can find themselves thinking that nothing can hurt them. Things such as car accidents and robberies are all too common. Who would think to worry of such things as murder? No one would until something happens to wake everyone up, such as in Truman Capotes In Cold Blood. The book describes the almost unthinkable act of murder in a small town setting. The novel is about the events and people surrounding the brutal slaying of the Clutter family in Holcomb, Kansas, a small western town. It covers the events leading up to the murders in both the victims and the murderers lives, the crime, and the aftermath, including the police investigation, trial,imprisonment, and eventual hanging of the two young murderers, Richard Hickock and Perry Smith. In Cold Blood both begins and ends with descriptions of the wheat fields around Holcomb, Kansas. Capote has said that part of his reasoning for choosing to write about the Clutter murders was the remoteness of the setting. He wanted to broaden his writing subjects beyond the too-narrow personal world with which most writers concern themselves. The setting of In Cold Blood matters very much to the symbolism of the plot. The novel begins on the day that the murders take place. The Clutter family is going about their daily chores. Nancy, the town sweetheart, is contemplating about how she is to get all of her chores finished. Her father, brother, and mother are carrying on as they usually would on a Saturday morning. They are an extremely happy family that holds grudges with no one. Capote introduces the audience to the family on a personal level. Just outside of the small town of Holcomb, Kansas awaits a man named Dick. He is waiting for a friend of his named Perry. Perry likes to travel. One of his hobbies is randomly picking a destination on a map and just going there. This is partly the reason that Dick is waiting for him. Dicks real name is Richard Eugene Hickock. He was born on June 6th, 1931. He is a stout, blond man with blue eyes. He was imprisoned for many different crimes. He knew that Perry liked to travel. It was because of this that Dick was able to talk Perry into going on the road t rip with him. The well planned road trip was destined to end up at the Clutter residence. This was by design of Dick. He was the one who wanted to kill the Clutters, and whoever happened to be at the house and in the way at the time of the murders. The motive for the murders was that the Clutters were rich, even though they were extremely modest about their wealth and fame. Dick came upon the knowledge of the familys wealth by a prisoner who was celled with Dick and had worked for the Clutters. The prisoner meant no harm in telling Dick, as the Clutters had never mistreated him, he was merely conversing. Years passed from the time that Dick and his fellow prisoner had their discussions about the Clutters. Then, the day came: the final day of the Clutter familys life. The tragic day of November 14, 1959. The tragedy was discovered on a Sunday morning when a young lady, by the name of Nancy Ewalt, came to the Clutter residence to get a ride to church. When she knocked on the door, no one answered . This was highly unusual, as the Clutters never slept in to miss church. The sheriff was called out to the Clutters from a near-by teacherage by Mr. Ewalt (Nancys father). When the sheriff got to the Clutter residence, he and Mr. Ewalt entered the house. They climbed the stairs to come to Nancys bedroom first.When they opened the door, they were more than shocked. They saw Nancy lying on her bed shot in the back of the head. There was blood splattered onto the walls, and her hands and feet were tied together. .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .postImageUrl , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:hover , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:visited , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:active { border:0!important; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:active , .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5df20e0c06af47fbd83d097e3b615ede:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marbury V Madison Essay Next, came Mrs. Clutter who was in her room and had also been shot. The third person to be found was Kenyon, the Clutter son. He was